Risk Factors for CAD

Coronary Artery Disease develops when the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked usually due to a buildup of plaque (atherosclerosis). It ocures due to bad eatting habbits and unhealthy living style Several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors contribute to its development.

Modifiable Risk Factors (can be changed or controlled)

1. High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
   Damages artery walls and accelerates plaque buildup.
2. High Cholesterol (especially LDL cholesterol)
   Contributes to plaque formation in arteries.
3. Smoking and Tobacco Use
   Damages blood vessels, lowers oxygen in the blood, and promotes clotting.
   
4. Diabetes or Insulin Resistance
   High blood sugar damages blood vessels over time.
   
5. Obesity and Overweight
   Increases strain on the heart and often accompanies other risk factors.
   
6. Physical Inactivity
   Leads to poor cardiovascular fitness, obesity, and higher blood pressure.
   
7. Unhealthy Diet
   Diets high in saturated fats, trans fats, salt, and sugar contribute to atherosclerosis.
   
8. Excessive Alcohol Use
   Raises blood pressure and can lead to heart muscle damage.
   
9. Chronic Stress
   May lead to harmful coping behaviors and direct physical effects on heart health.